Opus caementicium uncovered in the characteristic Roman arch. In distinction to present day concrete buildings, the concrete Utilized in Roman properties was ordinarily lined with brick or stone. The Romans applied concrete extensively from three hundred BC to AD 476.[eighteen] Over the Roman Empire, Roman concrete (or opus caementicium) was produc
During the 18th century, your situation deteriorated further.[101] The Saxon kings from the House of Wettin, who ruled Poland in personalized union, presided more than a duration of deepening political stagnation and escalating overseas interference.[101] Irrespective of reformist efforts by Stanislaus II Augustus, culminating in the progressive St
Through the switch on the century, there was a need for requirements to produce a steady source of wood utility poles with predictable structural abilities. In 1908, standards for round timbers have been made and soon following, the American Countrywide Standards Institute, or ANSI, adopted standards especially for Wooden utility poles, defining t